我发消息告诉你吧

第二十回
2008-8-17

一、news in the past

1. perjury       n. 伪誓，伪证

2. aide            n. 副官，助手

3. dock           做动词时：入船坞；反义词：undock

4. 逃税：  tax evasion

5. illicit      违法的

二、《economist》——Malnutrition
概述：In poor countries, malnutrition cause a variety of disease, such as diarrhea, pneumonia. It is directly linked to mortality of infancy, even the malnourished infants can survive, if their living condition wouldn't be changed in two years, their physical and intellectual development will be irreversibly affected. To solve this problem, it doesn't need too many medical supplies, Breast-feeding advice, food supplement and better hygiene can make a difference. However, some poor countries have already got the plan and run some pilot programs that work well, but they don't have enough money for full-scale national efforts. Currently, the international aid organizations give far more money to alleviate HIV/AIDS which caused fewer deaths than hunger and malnutrition. So, if the aid organizations can redirect the money and attention to the latter, and the governments could consider more about the healthcare system rather than trying to save children "one disease at a time",  the condition for malnourished peopel could be changed for better.

句子：
1. Fewer than 10m children died before their fifth birthday in 2006--probably the lowest rate ever, and certainly the smallest number since records began in 1960 when twice as many  under-five died, out of a world population half today's level.
翻译：2006年，五岁以下儿童的死亡人数小于一百万——自1960年开始记录以来，这或许是最低的死亡率，但肯定是最小的死亡人数。在1960年，这一数量是2006年的两倍，而当时的全球人口只相当于06年的一半。

这句里有个短语蛮重要：
as many ...(as)
A. as many...(as)
eg: Jason has a lot of friends, but I think I have as many as him.
B. as many sth as
eg: They tried to interview as many candidates as possible.
C. half/twice/three times etc as many;
eg: This year we have three times as many visitors as in previous years.

词汇
1. starveling
n. 挨饿者；饿瘦的人；
adj. 挨饿的，饿瘦的

2. tetanus
n. 破伤风

3. uterine
n. 子宫的

4. deficient        adj
A. lacking the correct amount of sth.
eg: a diet deficient in Vitamin C.
B. not good enough
eg: a deficient education system.

5. in your own right
as a result of your own ability, achievements, qualifications etc and not because of anyone else.
eg: Her father is a well-known author, but she is an excellent writer in her own right.

三、实务——‘人物访谈’课外练习两篇
1. 杂技    acrobatics         
    杂技演员    acrobat

2. 武术    martial art

3. 杂剧  zaju——《地图书》
              miscellaneous drama——网上查的

4. 剧作家    playwright

5. 贵族    noble;   aristocrat

四、《Beijing Review》和《FT》

1. be steeped in sth;
to have a lot of particular quality or thing.
eg: The region is steeped in history.

2. 人间天堂    worldly paradise;

3. worldly   
adj.
A. a worldly person has a lot of experience and knowledge of life.
eg: Teenagers today are much more worldly than I ever was.
B. relating to the practical rather than the spiritual aspect of life.
eg: They were ambitious for worldly power and possessions.

4. 清明节    tomb-sweeping festival  （这个译法听上去有点毛骨悚然的。）

5. 粽子    glutinous rice ball   (glutinous rice 是糯米)

6. （高速公路）过路费    toll fee;
      收费站    tollgate

7. 春卷    spring roll

8. 竹笋    bamboo shoots

9. 羊肉泡馍    bread in mutton soup

10. leaven    n. 酵母    v. 使发酵   （这个‘发酵’是和面时的发酵，注意同另一个发酵‘ferment’区别开。）

11. gravy    肉汤

12. green oion    大葱

13. oatmeal    （燕）麦片；（燕）麦片粥
 
14. 香菜    parsley

==============================

调味品专区：

1. 大葱   green oion;   2. 香菜   parsley,   caraway.   3.大蒜   garlic.   4. 生姜   ginger   5. 辣椒   chilli pepper,  hot pepper;   chilli;     6.花椒   prickly ash;   7. 味精   MSG (monosodium glutamate) ;   8. 香油   sesame oil; 9. 鸡精   chicken essence

=================================

15. ecstasy
n.
A. a feeling of great happiness and pleasure, often sexual pleasure.
B. an extreme emotional religious state during which you do not realize what is happening around you.
C. 摇头丸

15. stagflation   通货滞胀

16. overweight US equities    增持美股
      underweight    减持

17. 不良资产    toxic assets

18. be in for sth;
to be going to experience sth, especially sth unpleasant.
eg: It looks as if we are in for some stormy weather.

19. plumb the depths (of sth)
A. to have or feel a negative quality or emotion very strongly.
eg: He's really plumbed the depths of depression since their breakup.
B. to be a very extreme example of sth bad.
eg: His comments plumb the depths of bad taste.

plumb new depths=be even worse than usual;
eg:  England plumbed new depths on Saturday when they lost 4-0.

20.  fire sale    以极低的价格销售
      

第二十一回
2008-8-18

一, news in the past

1. bale    n. 大包，大捆

2. on the loose
if a dangerous person or animal is on the loose, they have escaped from where they were being kept.

3. in store (for sb)
if sth is in store for you, it will happen to you in the future.
eg: None of us knew what lay in store.

4. take turns=take it in turns
if people take turns or take it in turns to do sth, each of them does their share of it, one after the other.
eg: We took turns steering the boat.

5. synagogue    n. 犹太人集会；犹太教会堂

6. interfaith    (only before noun)
adj. involving people who belong to different religions.

7. precursor
n. sth that exists before sth else, and is related to it or influences its development.
eg: Were these small movements the precursor to a major earthquake?

8. blockade
n. vt.   to prevent people or goods from moving from one place to another.
lift a blockade (=end a blockade)
impose a blockade (=start a blockade)

9. incense
vt. to make sb very angry

今天换个口味，抄抄绝望主妇的台词，曾经我最喜爱的美剧。（只是第一季）

1. unravel
A. vt.  to understand sth complicated by thinking it for a long time.
eg: Police are trying to unravel the mystery of their sudden disappearance.
B. vi   if a process or project unravels, it begins to fail.
eg: There are worries that the peace process is beginning to unravel.
C. vt.vi   if a piece of clothing unravels, or if you unravel it, its fibers become separated from each other.

2. loose end     (usually plural)
the final details or parts of sth that you have not yet completed or dealt with.

3. keep up appearances
to pretend that everyting is good, for example with your marriage or financial situation, even though you're having problems.
eg: Their marriage was over, but they wanted to keep up appearances for the children.

4. pliers    老虎钳

5.  flip/ flip over
vi, vt.
to turn over quickly, or to make sth turn over.
eg: The car flipped as it went round the final curve.
eg: You're supposed to flip a new mattress regularly.

6. crack of dawn    n. 破晓，黎明

7. shindig=party

8. flashback     n. 闪回，倒叙；（心理学）重现

第二十二回
2008-8-19

一、news in the past

1. plague
vt.
A. [usually passive] to cause a lot of problems for sb or sth for a long period of time.
eg: The east coast has been plagued by blizzards for most of this month.
B. to annoy sb all the time by doing sth or by asking for sth.
eg: telephone sales people who plague our lives.

2. inexorable
adj.  impossible to stop.
eg: the inexorable growth of multinational companies.

3. sever
A. vi. vt.   to cut through a part of sth so that it is separated completely from the main part, or to be separated completely in this way.
eg: He accidentally severed his finger with a saw.
B. vt.   to end sth such as a friendship or a connection completely and permanently.
eg: The rebels have severed all contacts with the government.

4. bulimia    n. 暴食症

5. take/seek/find refuge in sth.
to behave in a way that makes you feel more comfortable in an unpleasant situation.
eg: To avoid an argument, he sought refuge in silence.

二、《economist》——Military helicopters
概述：Helicopters are necessities for un peacekeeping troops in places such as iraq and afganistan where the roads are too rugged or not existent at all. Using airlift can also help them to avoid most of the ambushes although there are hand-held anti-aircraft missiles in some valley. However, it is very hard for un to beg or to borrow the helicopters, since the major contributors, like us,  france, britain etc are not willing to offer such kind of valuable and vulnerable equipment in places they don't think as popular or important, such as Darfur or somali. Helicopters are expensive and delicate machines requiring heavy maintenance, especially in dusty areas, they perform poorly in hot weather and high altitude. So, western coutries prefer to give money rather than helicopters and staff. But is China, Russia and other former soviet-union countries could lend more of theirs, the shortage would be relieved.

词汇：

1. giddy
adj. 头晕的

2. -ridden    (后缀,前面加名词形成形容词)
meaning full of sth, usually sth unpleasant or harmful.
eg: a crime-ridden society;      a guilt-ridden expression

3. stretched
adj. having difficulty doing everything that you should because you lack the necessary time, money, people or equipment.
eg: Can you make it quick? I'm really stretched for time tonight.

4. airlift
n.vt. （尤指在危险情况下的）空运

5. stump
n. 树桩；（截肢后的）残余
vt [usually passive]  if you are stumped by sth, you can not explain or answer it.
eg: Even experts are stumped by this strange weather.
stump up
vi.vt.    to give money, often without wanting to give it.
eg: Their insurance company stumped up 15000$ to hire a helicopter.

6. overstretched
adj.
A. without enough money, people etc to operate effectively.
eg: overstretched services;
B. an overstretched muscle has been injured by stretching it too far.

7. balloon      vi
A. to become larger and rounder in shape.
eg: Her coat ballooned round her in the wind.
B. to increase very quickly in amount or degree.
eg: our expenses had ballooned.
eg: Within weeks, the fighting had ballooned into full-scale war.

8. wear and tear
the changes or damage that normally happen to sth that has been  used, causing it to be less useful or less valuable.

9. flinch
vi. to make a sudden small movements because you're afraid, surprised or in pain.
eg: Pamela flinched each time he yelled at her.
flinch from (doing) sth.
to avoid dealing with a difficult responsibility or decision.
eg: We won't flinch from making tough decisions.

10. staging area    集结地

11. botched
adj. badly done or badly planned, and therefore unsuccessful.
eg: a botched assassination attempt.

12. quietish      adj. 有点安静的

13. mercenary
n. 雇佣军    adj. 惟利是图的；

14. unsung
adj. not famous, praised or admired, although deserving to be.

15. strafe
vt. to attack a place with guns from low-lying aircraft.

三、实务——‘文化交流’第一篇
先行者：forerunner

四、《FT》, 《BR》

1. susceptible
adj. easily influenced or affected by sth.
susceptible to;
eg: Police officers here are very susceptible to corruption.

2. 定期存款    time deposit

3. swindle     vt. n
to cheat sb in order to get their money.
swindle sb out of sth;   swindle sth out of sb.
swindler   n.

4. in discriminate   adj
A. done without considering who or what you harm or damage.
eg: indiscriminate disclosure of medical records.
B. done without choosing or judging carefully.

5. 南水北调工程    south-to-north water diversion project

6. criss-cross

7. replenish    vt. 补充

第二十三回
2008-8-20

一、news in the past

1. infiltrate    v. 渗透

2. cartel
n. a group of people or companies who all agree to sell sth at the same price so that they can all make profits without competing with one another.
eg: a drug/oil cartel

3. tote bag    n. 大手提袋

4. cult      n.
A. a religious group, especially one with beliefs that most people consider strange or dangerous.
B. a religious system in which people worship a particular god, person or object.
C. extreme admiration for sb or sth.
cult of: 
eg: The mordern cult of beauty puts enormous pressure on young women.
personality cult:  个人崇拜
D. sb or sth that a particular group of people are very enthusiastic about but that most people don't like or know about.
eg: The film has become sth of a cult amongst young people.

5. revert to
A. to return to a previous state or way of behaving, often one that is not good.
eg: If you revert to your old eating habits, you will gain weight again.
B. to start talking about sth that you were talking about ealier.

二、《economist》——advertising market
概述： Although the global market is in a downturn, ad-business is expecting the year 2008 be better than 2009 in terms of profits due to the three big-ticket events--the presidential election, Beijing olympics and European championship. There will be a lot of companies cutting their marketing budget cause they are facing difficulties. However, the internet advertisement will be sustained since many companies are trying to narrow the gap of expenditure of advertising on internet and on the traditional media. Even though, internet is not the last paradise, consumers are lobbying to stop the web tracking uses for advertisement sellers, and that kind of use is proved to be greatly improving the effectiveness of web advertising. Compared with the dispensable products such as cars and other luxuries, the necessities will likely  be less exposed to a recession, so most of them are not planning to cut budget in this regard.

词汇：

1. quadrennial    四年一次的

2. dole out
to give sth, such as food or money, to a particular group of people or to every person in a group.
eg: The government has agreed to dole out an additional 5m pounds to schools.

3. frivolous    adj.
A. behaving in a silly way in situations where you should be behaving in a serious or sensible way.
B. lacking any real purpose or importance.
eg: frivolous complaints.

4. plough
n. 犁
vi. vt.  to turn over the soil before putting seeds into it using a plough.
eg: The fields were being ploughed for winter wheat.
plough sth into sth;
to invest a lot of money in sth in order to improve it or make it successful.
eg: Last year, the government ploughed more than 30m pounds into road repair.

5. vaunted
adj.  generally praised or described as very important or successful.

6. dispensable
adj. 可有可无的

7. big-ticket=expensive

三、实务，《BR》《FT》

1. 独立自主；自力更生
keep/maitain etc independence;
self-reliance;

2. 艰苦奋斗    struggle hard

3. boisterous
adj. lively and noisy
eg: a boisterous crowd.

4. congregate
vi. 聚集
eg: Tourists congregated outside the palace.

5. curio
n. an object that is very old or unusual.

6. inertia    n. 惯性；惰性

7. barometer    n  晴雨表；气压计

8. take effect

9. awash with    
adj
A. thoroughly covered with a liquid.
eg: The roads were awash with mud and rainwater.
B. containing a lot of or too much of sth.
eg: The town is awash with tourists this time of year.

四、《DH》

1. flip
adj. not serious enough, or not showing enough respect.
eg: a flip answer/remark

2. go through with sth
to do sth that you have planned or agreed to do, especially after not being sure you wanna do it.
eg: I can't believe he went through with the divorce.

3. braised    adj. 炖熟的，焖熟的

4. pant    n. v
A. vi
to breathe very loudly with your mouth open, for example when you have been running or exercising.
eg: Louisa banged the door shut and leaned against it, panting.
B. vt
to say sth while you're panting.
eg: ' I can't go any further,’ he panted.

第二十四回
2008-8-21

一、news in the past

1. aboard
adv. prep
A. in or on a ship, train, bus or plane.
eg: It's time to get aboard.
eg: He travelled aboard the space shuttle Discovery.
B. into an organization, group, company etc.
eg: I'd like to welcome three new employees aboard.

二、实务
1. acculturate
vi. vt.  （使）适应文化；

2. assimilate
vt. 吸收（食物、营养、知识、信息。。。）；同化

3. heterogeneous
adj. 不同种类的
eg: America has a very heterogeneous population.

4. cohesion
n.[uncountable]
A. a situation in which people or things combine well to form a unit.
eg: The common threat of  war produces cohesion in a community.

5. analogy
n. a comparison between two situations, process etc that is intended to show that the two are similar.
eg: He uses the analogy of the family to explain the role of the state.
draw an analogy (=make an analogy)
eg: Our manager is fond of drawing analogies between business and football.

三、《BR》

1. aero-

2. crumble
A. vi. vt
to break sth into very small pieces, or to be broken into very small pieces.
eg: The soft earth of the riverbank crumbled under his feet.
eg: Crumble the biscuits over the fruit mixture.
A1. vi.    crumble=crumble away
if sth hard such as stone or a brick crumbles or crumbles away, parts of it fall off because it is very old or damaged.
eg: Part of the roof had rotted away and the exposed plaster was beginning to crumble.
B. vi
to stop existing or being effective.
eg: My determination crumbled as soon as I saw her.
eg: The government seemed powerless to prevent its weak economy from crumbling further.

3. 民航    civil aviation

4. fledgling=fledgeling
adj.
A.recently formed and still developing, without very much experience.
eg: fledgling democracies that could be overwhelmed by new waves of refugees.
A1. without much experience of a job or situation because you're new to it.
eg: fledgling pop stars.

5. prerequisite
n. adj  先决条件
eg: Good language skills are a prerequisite for the job.

6. endow sb/sth with sth;
to give a particular quality to sth, or to say that sth has a particular quality.
eg: The general's supporters endow him with an almost godlike status.
be endowed with sth;
to have sth such as a good ability or quality.
eg: She is endowed with both brain and beauty.

7. line up
A. vt. vi
to form a row, or to put people or things in a row.
eg: The books are lined up on the shelf obove the desk.
eg: All children must line up when the whistle goes.
B. vt
to organize or prepare things for an event or a series of events.
eg: We have a series of activities lined up to keep you entertained.
C. vi
if people are lining up to do sth, they all want to do it at the same time.
eg: Her colleagues are lining up to demand her resignation.

8. entrust
vt. to give sb responsibility for an important job or activity.
eg: All employees entrusted with the care of children are checked by the police.
eg: We can't entrust this country's telecommunications to unqualified people.

9. put forward
vt.
A. to offer an idea, opinion, reason etc, especially so that people can discuss it and make a decision.
eg: He rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.
eg: Your name was put forward as a possible team leader.
eg:  I've thought about putting myself forward to chair the meeting.
B. 提前
eg: The meeting has been put forward to Monday.
C. 把钟拨快
eg: The pilot reminded us to put our watches forward by two hours.

10. aeronautics    航空学

四、《economist》——The pharmaceutical industry
概述：Some officials in the EU and US are investigating the possible conspiracy of  big pharm firms against their rivals--the generic drug companies. Many big firms in this industry are facing with the paten expiry by which they will have to compete with the generic firms who sell same drugs at much lower prices. They have to handle the many lawsuits brought by the generic firms. But the big Pharms have found a loophole: They are pre-emptively launching the generic versions of their own branded pills, which wipe out the six months of monopoly profits and undermines the economics of generics firms. They are also paying the small firms to stop them from launching the drug. This is the kind of conspiracy the officials are investigating.

1. generic
adj. relating to or suitable for a range or class of similar things.
eg: generic software, suitable for use with both Macs and PCs.
generic term/word/name;
eg: 'Hoover' is often used as a generic term for all vacuum cleaners.
B. a generic drug or other product does not have a trademark and is sold without a company's name on it.

2. keep/hold sth at bay;
to prevent sth serious, dangerous or unpleasant from affecting you.
eg: Doctors recommend Vitamin C for keeping colds at bay.

3. litigious
adj. always ready to deal with disagreement by suing, rather than by discussion.

4. copycat
n. adj.  similar to sth else and considered to be a copy of it.
eg: copycat crimes.

5. sag
vi.
A. to become soft and start to bend or hang downwards.
eg: This old couch is starting to sag in the middle.
B. to become weaker or less in amount or value.
eg: When Asian economies sag, the company's sales go down.

6. loophole
n. sth that has been left out of a law or legal document that people can use to avoid obeying it.
eg: He exploited a legal loophole in order to avoid paying child support.
close a loophole in sth (=correct it ）

7. pre-emptive
adj.
A. done or said to prevent sth from happening.
eg: a pre-emptive strategy;
B. intended to make it impossilbe or difficult for an enemy to attack.
eg: a pre-emptive strike.

8. in-house
adj. adv   公司/组织内部的
eg: in-house training
eg: How many people are working on this in-house?

9. complicit
adj. involved in or knowing about sth bad that happens.
eg: The government itself may have been complicit in the violence.
n: complicity

10. play for time
to deliberately delay doing sth or to do it more slowly than usual, so that you have more time to decide what to do.
eg: ' I just have to make a phone call first ,' she said, playing for time.

五、《DH》

11. sly
adj.
A. a sly smile, look or remark shows that the person doing it knows sth that other people don't konw.
eg: He made a sly reference to the events of the previous night.
B.[贬] clever at tricking people or at secretly doing unfair or dishonest things.
adv: slyly     n: slyness

12. chill=chill out
vi. to relax and stop being nervous or angry, or to spend time relaxing.
eg: I need to chill out for a few hours before seeing them again.

13. wipe out;
A. vt.  消灭；摧毁；处理掉；
C. vt.  to clean the inside of sth with a cloth.
eg: Just wipe out the fridge with a damp cloth.
D. vt.  to make sb extremely tired.
eg: The early-morning meetings really wipe me out.

14. petulant
adj. annoyed and behaving in a unreasonable way because you can not get what you want.

15. baptism    n. 浸礼；洗礼

16. whine
A. vi.  to complain in a way that annoys other people.
eg: For goodness sake, stop whining!
whine=whine about;
eg: ' But it's cold out there, ' he whined.

17. pull into
vt.  if a vehicle or driver pulls into a place, they stop there.
eg: The train pulled into central station.
eg: He pulled the car into the car park.

18. crouch      vi. 蹲下并向前微倾

19. crestfallen
adj. sad and disappointed, especially when sth has not succeeded.

20. racket    n. 球拍

21. tentative
adj
A. not definite, or not certain
eg: a tentative agreement/deal;
B. not confident
eg: a tentative smile/look;

22. flamingo   火烈鸟

23. grief-striken
adj. extremely sad.

24. totter
vi.
A. to stand or move in a way that is not steady.
eg: Jane tottered away on her high heels.
B. if a system of process totters, it becomes weak and looks as if it will soon stop or be destroyed.
eg: The peace talks were tottering on the brink of collapse.

25. veer
vi.
A. to suddenly move in a different direction.
eg: The Volkswagen veered off the road and crashed into a fence.
B. to change in a sudden or noticeable way, for example in your opinion or mood.
eg: After this defeat, the party veered sharply to the right.
eg: The conversation veered off in a new direction.

26. wing it
to do sth without preparation or plans.
eg: I'll have to wing it if I can't find my notes.

27. scum    渣滓

28. rack
vt. to make sb or sth suffer from pain or unpleasant feelings.
eg: Greg was racked by doubts and indecision.

29. sob
vi.vt.  to cry noisily while taking short breaths.
eg: I could hear her sobbing.
eg: ' What can be worse than this?' she sobbed.

30. shrub    灌木（丛）

31. concoct
vt. 编造；调制

32. dumbfounded
adj. so surprised that you do not konw what to do or say.
vt: dumbfound

33. engrossed in sth
so interested or involved in sth that you think about nothing else.
eg: He was so engrossed in his book that he didn't hear her come in.
vt: engross

34. lewd    猥亵的

35. sneak a look/glance/peek etc at ;
to secretly take a quick look at sb or sth.
eg: He sneaked a glance at what she was writing.

36. retaliate
vi. 报复
eg: Militants students relaliated against the police with tear gas.

37. storm out/off/into;
to go somewhere very quickly because you're angry or upset.
eg: Rob stormed out of the house and slammed the door.

38. go into;
A. start a job/activity;
eg: Alex has decided to go into nursing.
B. change to different state;
eg: Fur sales went into a steep decline last month.
C. talk about or explain in detail;
eg: The company is refusing to go into detail about its offer.
D. be used/spent;
eg: Over 50% of the budget went into the design of the equipment.
E. divided by smaller number.

第二十五回
2008-8-22

一、news in the past

1. inquest
n.
A. an official attempt by a court to find the cause of sb's death.
inquest into;
eg: an inquest into the death of her husband.
B. a discussion about the reasons for a bad situation.

2. autopsy  n. 尸检
   
3. methadone
n. 美沙酮（镇静剂）（可用作戒毒药物）

4. coroner  
n. 验尸官

5. at fault
responsible for a bad or unpleasant situation.
eg: When a marriage breaks up it is hard to say who is at fault.

6. impropriety
n. behavious that is not honest, professional or socially acceptable.
eg: Accusation of impropriety were made against senior government officials.

7. perish
vi.
A. to die, usually because of an illness or sth that happens suddenly.
eg: All our horses perished in the fire.
B. to stop happening or existing.
eg: Without greater public support the art will perish.
C. if a substance such as wood, rubber or food perishes, it decays and can't be used.

二、实务，《BR》

1. 茉莉花          jasmine

2. 残奥会          the paralympics

3. 廉租房          low-rent housing

4. throughput      生产量；生产能力；吞吐量

三、《economist》——wireless industry
概述： The FCC is going to auction a new radio spectrum returned by the american broadcast which will switch to digital business. The current wireless industry was controlled by a fewe operators like AT&T, who can decide what kind of devices and applications can be used on their spectrum. The FCC hopes through the auction to bring some innovation to this industry. Google is also participating in the bidding in order to improve the service for its customers as well as increase the profits. However, the bid could not be as successful as the officials expected due to the financial tumoil. Any of the bidders could be not able to raise so much cash. As for consumers, they'd like to see more openness.

词汇:

1. hertz=Hz

2. ether
n. 乙醚；以太

3. piggyback
vi.vt.  if sth is piggybacked on another person's work or on an important statement or law, it is added or connected to it.

4. divvy up
vi.vt.  to divide or share sth.

四、《DH》《FC》

1. uncalled for
adj. insulting or offensive;
eg: I consider your remarks quite uncalled for.

2. distraught
adj. extremely worried, upset or confused. (抓狂）

3. malignant
adj.
A. (医)恶性的     <反义词：benign>
B. showing that you want to do sth bad to sb.
eg:  a malignant glare.

4. keep up;   <解释太多，取其一>
continue to do sth.
eg: We are on the winning steak--hopefully we can keep it up.

5. hold onto=hold on to
vt.
A. 抓住/留住某人某物；
eg: Hold onto your bag;
eg: Hold on to the instructions in case you have any problems.
eg: A mother can't hold onto her children for ever.
B. to continue feeling or believing sth;
eg: I always held on to the belief that one day he would succeed.

6. concussion    脑震荡

7. coy
adj.
A. not willing to give information about sth, especially in a way that is slightly annoying.
coy about;
eg: Tom is being very coy about his new job.
B. sb who is coy pretends to be shy in order to make themselves more attractive.
eg: Kate gave him a coy look.

8. glycerin    甘油

9. nitroglycerin=nitro    硝化甘油

That's right!

二十六回
2008-8-23

一、news in the past;

1. root out
to find sth bad or illegal and get rid of it.
eg: The president vowed to root out corruption.

2. ammunition
弹药（子弹、炮弹等）

3. GM food=genetically modified food

二、《BR》

1. secession
n. the act of seceding, especially from a country.
    secessionist   n. adj  分裂主义者；分裂活动的
对比： separation; separationist;

2. article
n. part of a legal document or agreement that deals with a particular point.
eg: Article 180 states that one third of the members must be women.

3. probation
n. [uncountable]
A. a system by which sb who has committed a crime is not sent to prison, but has to agree not to break the law again and to let the probation officer check their behaviour for a specific period of time.
place/put sb on probation;
eg: She received a fine and was placed on probation for four years.
get/be given probation;
eg: Harris was given 18 months' probation.
B. 试用期

4. lodging
n. [uncountable]
a place that you pay to live in temporarily, for example when you're visiting an area.
board and lodging (=meals and a room)
eg: She did all the housework in return for board and lodging.

5. in return;
as payment or in exchange for sth, or as a way of thanking sb for sth.
in return for;
eg: What can we do in return for your kindness?

6. accredited
adj.
A. an accredited organization, worker or course of study has official approval.
eg: Only properly accredited coaches get to work with young players.
B. sb who is accredited to a particular country has been officially sent to work there by their government.

7. suffrage
n. [uncountable]  the right to vote.
eg: She was a strong advocate of women's suffrage.
universal suffrage: 普选权

8. jaunt
v.n. a short journey that you take for fun.

9. make inroads into/in/on sth;
to take or use a large part of sth;
eg: European cars have started to make inroads into the Japanese market.

10. 潜规则  hidden rules;

三、《economist》——Chinese hotels
概述： Thanks to the travellling booming in China, the Chinese hotel business has been a big money maker, despite the turmoil in the world economy and weak export. Increasingly number of Chinese are getting on their way because the government has invested a lot in the roads, highways, railways and airlines. The major problem is Chinese customers are not well accustomed to the automated payment. Large part of them are still  used to pay in cash and get the ticket instead of electric one. But the situation is improving. Now, more and more domestic and overseas companies are preparing to get into this lucrative industry.

1. fence=fence in
vt.
A. to put a fence around sth;
B. to limit sb's freedom.

2. ferocious
adj.
A. violent and able to cause serious damage or injury.
eg: flooding caused by last night's ferocious storm.
B. severe or strong;
eg: The plan met with ferocious criticism.

3. cater to
eg: There are more and more TV shows catering to young male audiences.

4. occupancy
n. [uncountable]
the use or a period of use, of a place.
eg: There is an additional charge for single occupancy of a double room.
eg: The house has been completely restored during her occupancy.
“酒店入住率”也可用这个词表示。

5.hardy    adj.
A. strong and able to deal with or exist in unpleasant or extreme condition.
eg: a hardy plant is able to live outside during the winter.

6. bunch
n. a group of people.
eg: They're a lovely bunch who have made me feel welcome.
a bunch of;
a large number or amount;
eg: I have a bunch of stuff I have to do before lunch.
vt. 捆

7. fussy    adj.
A. only satisfied if things are exactly as you want them to be.
eg: Don't worry about me--I'm not a fussy eater.
fussy about;
eg: Amy's always been fussy about her personal appearance.
B. containing too many small parts or details;
eg: fussy wallpapers.

8. fluff     n.
A. [un] very small pieces of hair, dust, or cloth that stick together or to the surface of sth else.
B. [un] soft light fur or feather from a young animal or bird.
C. a small mistake that you make when you're speaking or reading to an audience.
D. [un] sth that is entertaining but not serious or important.
eg: The film was purely fluff.

9. fluff
v.
A. fluff up=fluff out=fluff
to shake sth that more air goes into it and it becomes larger and softer.
eg: Fluff the pillows after you use them.
B. to do sth badly;
eg: She started to fluff tasks that should have been childishly simple.
 
10. austere   adj.
A. plain in style and without decoration.
eg: The church is large and austere.
B. strict and serious in manner;
eg: An austere, silent woman showed him round the small flat.
C. an austere way of living is simple and not very comfortable.
D. 过度节俭的。

11. wretched   adj
A. used for emphasizing how much sb or sth annoys you.  可解释为‘讨厌的’
eg: The wretched man never answered her questions.
B. very unpleasant or in very bad condition.
eg: The whole family lived in one wretched room.
C. very unhappy or ill.
eg: She felt wretched at the thought of what might happen.

12. brothel    **

13. automated    自动化的；

14. 借记卡  debit card;

四、《SD》

1. be partial to;
to like sth very much;
eg: I'm very partial to bacon and eggs.

2. own up;
to admit that you have done sth bad or embarrassing.
eg: Dan could have made this whole thing go away simply by owning up.
own up to;
eg: Two local students later owned up to the prank.

3. contraband   [un]
goods that are brought into or taken out of a country illegally.
eg: contraband cigarettes and alcohol.

4. come by sth;
to get sth, especially sth that is hard to get.
eg: How did you come by such a beautiful house?
be hard to come by;

5. draw out
A. vt. to make sth continue longer than usual.
eg:  People with southern accents tend to draw out their vowel.
B. vi.  to move out of a place;
eg: Slowly, the train drew out of the station.
C. vt. to encourage sb to talk more by making them feel more relaxed and confident.
eg: It wasn't easy to draw him out.

6. open and shut case;
a court case that is simple and likely to be decided quickly;
a problem that can be solved easily.

7. profess   vt.
A. to claim sth, especially it is not ture.
eg: Many wildlife smugglers profess to have an interest of conservation.
B. to admit publicly that you have a particular feeling or belief.
eg: He professes great admiration for the new zealand players.
C. to believe in a particular region.

8. condone    vt. [多贬义]
to approve of behaviour that most people think is wrong.
eg: The school does not condone bullying of any kind.

9. quart   夸脱

10. bottle up    vt.
to stop yourself from showing negative emotions like anger and disappointment, especially over a long period, so that the feelings develop in a harmful way.
eg: private resentment that she had bottled up for ten years.

二十七回

2008-8-24

华丽的闭幕式啊，雷人的歌儿一首接着一首。我们终于回到了不同的世界，不同的梦想了。
接续贴我的笔记。

一、news in the past

1. sift   vt.
A. to pour a dry substance through a sieve to remove the large pieces.
B. sift=sift through
to examine information, documents etc in order to find what you are looking for.
eg: Sift every grain of information until you find the answer.

2. char   (vi. vt)
if sth chars or is charred, it is burnt until its outer surface become black.
eg: Cook the peppers under a hot grill until the skin chars.

3. file for sth
[legal] to official ask a court for sth, for example ask them to give you a divorce or state officially that you are bankrupt.

4. severance  [un]
A. the process of ending sth such as a friendship or a relationship.
severance of;
eg: the severance of all links with the regime.
B. a situation in which money is paid to a worker who is forced to leave a company because they are no longer needed.
severance pay=redundancy pay   遣散费

5. ledger   [n]
a book that contains the financial records of a business.

6. set upon  [vt] [usually passive]
to attack sb or sth.

7. penitentiary
[n] a prison for people who have committed serious crimes.

二、实务

1. 新陈代谢
vt: metabolize    adj: metabolic   n: metabolism

三、《BR》

1. first-instance ruling    一审判决

2. high-ranking officials

3. appropriate  [vt]
A. to decide officially that money will be used for a particular purpose.
eg: The legislature appropriated funds for technology in the schools.
B.[legal] to take sth illegally.

4. proverb    [n] 谚语

5. downpour  [n] 倾盆大雨

6. lightning strike  [n] 雷击

7. 冰雹  hail [un]

四、《SR》

1. jot 
[vt] to write sth in a quick informal way.

2. perjure oneself
to lie when you give evidence in a court of law.

3. hangover  [n] 宿醉

4. pop up
[vi] to appear very quickly or suddenly.
eg: The daffodils and tulips are popping up everywhere.

5. titter  [vi][n]
to laugh quietly, especially because you are nervous or embarrassed.

6. sarcastic  [adj]
using sarcasm to upset sb or to show anger.
eg: Alan can be very sarcastic.
eg: She made some sarcastic comment about my clothes.

7. aside   [adv]
撇开...暂且不谈；
eg: You're right to mention her home circumstances, but that aside, how is her school work?

8. acquit
[vt] [usually passive] to state officially that sb is not guilty of the crime they were accused of.
acquit sb of sth;
eg: He was eventually acquitted of the charges.

9. hold off
[好多意思，取其一] to deliberately delay doing sth.
eg: He may decide to hold off for a few days.
hold off on;
eg: How much longer can they hold off on political reform?
hold off doing sth;
eg: She held on calling him until the last possible moment.

10. psychopath   精神病人

11. snob  [n]
sb who think they are better than other people, usually because of their social class. Or sb who thinks their opions and judgments are better than other people's.
eg: a wine/music snob
adj:  snobby=snobbish

二十八回
2008-8-25

一、news in the past

1. downplay
[vt] to deliberately make a situation less serious or important than it is.
eg: The senator is downplaying the significance of the issue.

2. rosy     [adj] 
A. pink in color; or pink and look healthy.
B. likely to be successful or happy.
eg: a rosy future.
paint/present a rosy picture of sth (=make it better than it really is)
eg: He paints a rosy picture of the American economy.

3. warehouse   [n]
a big building where large amount of goods are stored.

4. observance  
A. [un] the practice of obeying a law or rule, or of doing sth according to a tradition.
observance of;
eg: strict observance of the law;
eg: The market will be closed in observance of Easter and Passover.
B. a part of religious or official ceremony.

5. 种族隔离  segregation

6. a bolt from/out of the blue;
sth surprises you very much because you were not expecting it to happen.
eg: It was a bolt out of the blue when Alan resigned.

7. heed
[vt] to consider sb's advice or warning and do what they suggest.
eg: The danger signs were here, but we didn't heed the warning.
[n] pay heed to;
to give careful attention to sb's advice or warning.
eg: People should pay no heed to these ill-informed views.

8. ill-informed   [adj]
lacking the knowledge of a particular subject.
eg: ill-informed comments;

9. compound
[n]
A. 化合物
eg: Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen
B. 混合物
eg: a herbal compound used for treating headaches.
C. a combination of things.
eg: John and Steve working together? That's a lethal compound.
D. 合成词，复合词。如：bus stop; self-centered.

[vt]
A. to make a problem or difficult situation worse.
eg: Their problems are compounded by the fact that Mary's just lost her job.
B. mix different substances together to make a new substance or product.

[adj] [only befor noun]
made up of two or more parts.
eg: a compound leaf.

10. in its/their entirety
with all or everything included.
eg: The film should be shown in its entirety or not at all.

11. alley
[n] a narrow street or passage between or behind buildings.
eg: The attack occurred in a dark alley.

12. 烤鸭  roast duck

13. satin  [n.adj]   缎子；绸缎做的；缎子一般的。

二、《economist》---snowbound China
概述： Chinese primer dropped down to the cramped, icy raliway station to visited the people, mostly migrant workers who have trapped by the heavy snow. He appologized to them, second one for Chinese leader since Zhao Ziyang.  It is the eve of China's lunar new year, and the only chance for millions of migrant workers to get day off. Although many people attributed this disaster to the nature rather to their leaders, there are foul-ups causing the situation or making it worse. First, the disaster-responding mechanism is not good enough; Second, some basic structual issues such as the holiday entitlements, residency rules are remained to be solved. Third, the power shortage which partly crippled the transportation. The price of coal was rising but the price of electricity is fixed, so power producers can't pass on the rising cost to consumers. That's why they let their coal stocks fall to dangerous low levels hoping the price could down the next spring when it is warm. With the food production and distribution futher affected by the bad weather, the leaders really need to do sth about it.

1. venture
A. [vi] to go somewhere unpleasant, dangerous or exciting.
venture into/beyond/out of;
eg: They ventured into the dark damp forrest.
eg: Our cat rarely ventures beyond the garden wall.
B. [vi] to do sth that is a risk.
venture into;
eg: He has recently ventured into an export business.
C. [vt] to be brave enough to say sth.
eg: ' I couldn't do it,' she ventured at last.
venture to do sth;
eg: She would never venture to ask for a rise.

2. snowbound
[adj] in a situation in which snow makes travelling impossible.
eg: Hundreds of people were snowbound in their homes.
eg: a snowbound airport.

3. mutter
A. [vi, vt] 咕哝，嘀咕。
eg: He muttered an appology and then left.
B. [vi] to complain indirectly or unofficially.
mutter about;
eg: People began to mutter about the unfair way he was treated.

4. foul-up
[n] a mistake in a process or system that means it can't work effectively.

5. humility   [n] 谦卑

6. at breaknect speed
very fast, especially in a way that is dangerous.

7. dash
A.[vi] to run or go somewhere very quickly because you are in a hurry.
dash into/out of/across etc;
eg: I dashed out into the street, still in my pyjamas.
eg: Maria came dashing down the stairs.
B.[vt] to throw or hit sth very violently into a surface, usually so that it breaks.
dash sth against/onto/to etc.
eg: He picked up a glass and dashed it against the wall.
eg: In a fit of rage, James had dashed the priceless vase to the ground.
eg: Huge waves dashed against the side of the boat.

8. penury
[un] the state of being extremely poor.

9. induce
[vt] to cause sth, especially a mental or physical change.
eg: Both treatments were effective in inducing remission of the disease.
eg: They hope their work would induce social changes.

10. remission  [c/un]
A.[medical] a period of time when an illness or disease becomes less severe.
in remission;
eg: Her sister's cancer is in remission.
B. 减刑
C. the process by which someone is allowed not to pay the money that they owe.
eg: Scholarship students will receive full remission of their tuition fees.

11. profession of
a statement of a feeling or belief.
eg: a profession of faith.

12. afflict
[vt][usually passive] if you are afflicted by an illness or serious problems, you suffer from it.
eg: More and more children are afflicted by allergies.

13. agony   [c/un]
A. a great painl
in agony;
eg: William fell to the ground, writhing in agony.
B. a strong and unpleasant feeling, especially great worry or sadness.
agony of;
eg: She had to go through the agony of leaving the children.
be agony;
eg: Waiting for the results was agony.
in an agony of;
eg: I was in an agony of embarrassment.

三、《SR》
1. pebble  鹅卵石

2. quartz   石英    
eg: a quartz watch

5. limestone   石灰石.

6. keep the wheels turning
to make sth continue to happen or operate.
eg; It's people like him that keep the wheels of commerce turning.

7. bellboy=bellhop
a man whose job is to carry people's bags to their rooms in a hotel.

8. twister=a tornado

9. unwary
[adj] not paying attention to the dangers around you.
eg: Strong currents can sweep unwary bathers out to sea.

10. infirmary   医务室

11. tickle   [vt]
A. 搔痒，胳肢；
B. if sth tickles you, you think it's funny.
eg: It tickled him to think about she'd asked him for advice.

12. skirmish   [n]
A. a fight, especially the one that is away from the main fighting in a war.
eg: An officer was killed in a skirmish with guerillas.
B. an arguement or a disagreement, especially a political one.
eg: a major skirmish in the battle for gay rights.

13. seniority     [un] 资历
eg: Promotion is done strictly on the basis of seniority.

14. windfall    意外之财

15. immaterial
[adj] not important or relevant.
eg: The difference in your ages was immaterial.
eg: Do it however you like--it's immaterial to me.

16. however
in whatever way.
eg: We let the kids decorate their rooms however they want to.

17. tar   [vt, n] 柏油，焦油；给路面铺柏油

18. husbandry
[un] the activity of farming and caring for animals.

19. arthritic   [adj] 关节炎的   [n] 关节炎患者
      arthritis   [n]  关节炎

20. indigent  
[adj] very poor.

21. 扎啤  draft/draught beer;  beer on draft/draught;

22. in light of sth;
because of a particular fact.鉴于
eg: In light of your good record, we've decided to overlook this offence.

Yes, Sir/Madam.