Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin 购大饼干筒

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who won the prize for the biggest biscuit?
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples, but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well. They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory. They offered to pay ＄10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener. The response to this competition was tremendous. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory. One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow. It weighed nearly 500 pounds. A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car. All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed. The largest was 713 pounds. It seemed certain that this would win the prize. But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal biscuit which weighed 2, 400 pounds. It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1, 000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds 20 of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients. It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry. The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, for they bought the biscuit from the student for ＄ 24, 000.
New Words and Expressions生词和短语
influence (1. 1) /'influ+ns/ v. 影响
pride (1. 2) /praid/ v. 骄傲
taste (1. 2) /teist/ n. 鉴赏力
exert (1. 3) /ig'z*:t/ v. 施加
subtle (1. 3) /'s)tl/adj. 微妙的，难以捉摸的
advertiser (1. 5) /'$dv+taiz+/ n. 做广告的人
classify (1. 6) /'kl$sifai/ v. 分类
magic (1. 8) /'m$d{ik/ adj. 有奇妙作用的
sample (1. 9) /'sa:mp+l/ n. 样品
devise (1. 10) /di'vaiz/ v. 设计，想出
capture (1. 11) /'k$ptM+/ v. 吸引，赢得
manufacturer (1. 12) /?m$nju'f$ktM+r+/ n. 生产厂家，制造商
wheelbarrow (1. 15) /'wi:l?b$r+(/ n. 独轮手推车
boot (1. 16) /bu:t/ n. （汽车尾部的）行李箱
ingredient (1. 20) /in'gri:di+nt/ n. 配料
crane (1. 20) /krein/ n. 起重机
anticipate (1. 21) /$n'tisipeit/ v. 预期，预料
Notes on the text课文注释
1 No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
没有人能避免受广告的影响。
avoid一词需接动名词作宾语， being influenced是动名词一般式的被动形式。
2 Much as we may pride ourselves…，尽管我们可以自夸……，虽然我们可以为……而感到自豪。
这是一个让步状语从句，连词 much as可以译成“虽然很……”
3 get something for nothing，免费得到。
4 go wrong ，出差错，出毛病。
5 the response to this competition，对这一竞赛的反响。
参考译文
没有人能避免受广告的影响。尽管我们可以自夸自己的鉴赏力如何敏锐，但我们已经无法独立自主地选购自己所需的东西了。这是因为广告在我们身上施加着一种潜移默化的影响。做广告的人在力图劝说我们买下这种产品或那种产品之前，已经仔细地研究了人的本性，并把人的弱点进行了分类。
做广告的人们多年前就发现我们大家都喜欢免费得到东西。凡是用“免费”这个神奇的词开头的广告很少会失败的。目前，做广告的人不仅提供免费样品，而且还提供免费汽车，免费住房，免费周游世界。他们设计数以百计的竞赛，竞赛中有人可赢得巨额奖金。电台、电视使做广告的人可以用这种手段吸引成百万人的注意力。
有一次，在电台播放的节目里，一个生产饼干的公司请听众自己烘制饼干送到他们的工厂去。他们愿意以每磅10美元的价钱买下由听众烘制的最大的饼干。这次竞赛在听众中引起了极其热烈的反响。不久，形状各异、大小不一的饼干陆续送到了工厂。一位女士用手推车运来一个饼干，重达500磅左右。相隔不一会儿，一个男子也带来一个大饼干，那饼干把汽车的行李箱挤得满满的。凡送来的饼干都仔细地称量。最重的一个达713磅，看来这个饼干获奖无疑了。但就在竞赛截止时间将到之际，一辆卡车驶进了工厂，运来了一个特大无比、重达2，400磅的饼干。它是由一个大学生烘制的，用去1，000多磅面粉、800磅食糖、200磅动物脂肪及400磅其他各种原料。饼干份量太重了，用了一台起重机才把它从卡车上卸下。饼干公司不得不付出比他们预计多得多的钱，因为为买下那学生烘制的饼干他们支付了24，000美元。
Comprehension理解
Give short answers to these questions in your own words as far as possible. Use one complete sentence for each answer.
1 Why are we no longer free to choose the things we want?
2 Why have advertisers made a close study of human weaknesses?
3 How can advertisers capture the attention of millions of people?
Vocabulary词汇
Explain the meanings of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage: no longer (1. 2); in their efforts to persuade us (1. 4); classified (1. 6); free (1. 9); enable (1. 10); capture (1. 11).
Summary writing摘要写作
In not more than 80 words write an account of the competition organized by a company of biscuit manufacturers. Use your own words as far as possible. Do not include anything that is not in the last paragraph.
Composition作文
In not more than 250 words describe a radio show organized by a firm of soap manufacturers. Use the ideas given below and provide a suitable title. Do not write more than two paragraphs.
Introduction: A member of the audience will be asked a maximum of ten questions. Each time he answers a question correctly, he may accept a money prize or ask for a more difficult question. The minimum prize is2 for a correct answer to the first question. This goes on doubling itself, reaching a maximum of￡2, 048 for ten correct answers.
Development and Conclusion: Man being questioned in front of audience ---- questions of all types (e. g. spelling difficult words, general knowledge, etc. ). Excitement mounts up as man answers question after question until he reaches the last one.
Letter writing书信写作
Write a letter of about 100 words in three paragraphs informing a friend of yours that you will be moving into his neighbourhood. Ask him to help you to find accommodation.
Key structures and Special difficulties关键句型和难点
Exercises 练习
1 No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. (1. 1) Complete the following. (IKS 68) （参见第2册第68课关键句型）
He enjoys ______ .
Imagine ______ .
It's no use ______ .
It's not worth ______ .
Would you mind ______ .
2 can. rarely go wrong. (1. 8) Write sentences using the following: go bad; turn yellow; grow quiet. (ISD 75) （参见第2册第75课难点）
3 in this way. (1. 11) Write sentences to bring out the correct meaning of each of the following: in the way, on the way, and by the way. (ISD 5a) （参见第2册第5课难点 a）
4 … and send them to their factory. (11. 12-13) Note this pattern. Write similar sentences using the verbs lend and give. (ISD 3) （参见第2册第3课难点）
5 One lady brought in a biscuit. (1. 15) Write two sentences showing the difference between one and a. (IKS 32) （参见第2册第32课难点）
6 It was heavy. A crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry. (11. 20-21) Join these two sentences then compare your answer with the sentence in the passage. (ISD 35) （参见第2册第35课难点）
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1 What among other things enables advertisers to sell a product more easily?
a．Knowing that we will buy anything provided it tastes good.
b．Giving every customer something free with each product he buys.
c．Having so many free things all over the world to tempt people with.
d．Having radio and television at their disposal to promote their products.
2 The people who entered the competition did so because ______ .
a．they wanted to get something for nothing
b．they hoped by winning easily to cover the cost of the baking ingredients
c．they hoped to receive the prize money of ＄24, 000
d．the manufacturers had offered free biscuits to anyone who entered
3 What had the manufacturers failed to anticipate?
a．The number of people who would take an interest in the competition.
b．The number of ingredients required to bake a large biscuit with.
c．That it was possible to bake a biscuit as large as the student's.
d．That there was time to bake a huge biscuit before the competition closed.
Structure结构
4 ______ of our good taste, we are no longer … (11. 1-2)
a．So proud may we be
b．Although we may pride ourselves a great deal
c．Proud as we may be
d．Pride ourselves as we may
5 ---- discovered years ago that all of us ______ something for nothing. (11. 7-8)
a．are loving to get
b．love getting
c．love to be getting
d．love when we get
6 An advertisement can rarely go wrong ______ with the magic word FREE. (1. 8)
a．which begins
b．to begin
c．if it will begin
d．what begins
7 It was nearly 500 pounds ______ . (1. 15)
a．weighed
b．weighing
c．in weight
d．of weight
8 It was so heavy that a crane ______ from the lorry. (11. 20-21)
a．did they need remove it
b．they needed to remove it
c．was needed to have removed it
d．was needed to have it removed
Vocabulary词汇
9 ---- in their efforts to persuade us to buy ______ … (1. 4)
a．one or other product
b．that or this product
c．some product or other
d．a product or two
10 The ______ to this competition was tremendous. (11. 13-14)
a．answer
b．reply
c．attraction
d．reaction
11 ---- with a biscuit which ______ the boot of his car. (1. 16)
a．took complete possession of
b．took up all the space in
c．completely covered
d．on the whole filled
12 The manufacturers had to pay more money than they ______ … (11. 21-22)
a．expected
b．hoped
c．intended
d．wished

Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin

Listening comprehension
1 Introduce the story
T: Today we'll talk about a competition to bake big biscuits.
2 Understand the situation
T: What do you think is happening in the picture?
3 Listening objective
T: Listen to the passage (or read it silently) and see if you can answer this question:
Who won the prize for the biggest biscuit?
4 Play the tape or read the story or wait for the students to finish reading silently
5 Answer the question
After the reading, ask the question again: Who won the prize for the biggest biscuit?
Train the students not to shout out the answer. Instead, ask one student, then ask the others to agree or disagree with a show of hands.
Answer: A college student.
6 Intensive reading
Play the tape or read the text again, pausing after every sentence to check students understand. Obtain brief explanations to difficulties in the text from the students themselves. Only use Chinese if a confirmatory translation is necessary.
7 Play the tape or read the story again
8 Reading aloud
Ask one or two students to read the text aloud.
Comprehension questions
1 Are we free to choose the things we want any longer? (No, we aren't.)
2 What does advertising exert on us? (A subtle influence.)
3 Have advertisers made a close study of human nature? (Yes, they have.)
4 What have they classified? (All our little weaknesses.)
5 What do we all love to get? (Something for nothing.)
6 If an advertisement begins with the magic word FREE, what can happen? (It can rarely go wrong.)
7 What do advertisers offer nowadays as well as free samples? (Free cars, free houses and free trips round the world.)
8 What do they devise to enable us to win huge sums of money? (Hundreds of competitions.)
9 What did the biscuit manufacturers ask listeners to do? (Bake biscuits and send them to the factory.)
10 What did they offer? (To pay ＄10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener.)
11 Was the response tremendous? (Yes, it was.)
12 How did one lady bring in a biscuit? (On a wheelbarrow.)
13 How much did it weigh? (Nearly 500 pounds.)
14 What happened to all the biscuits that were sent? (They were carefully weighed.)
15 How much did the largest weigh? (713 pounds.)
16 What arrived at the factory just before the competition closed? (A lorry.)
17 What was on the lorry? (A colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds.)
18 Who had made it? (A college student.)
19 What had he used to make it? (1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of sugar, 200 pounds of fat and 400 pounds of other ingredients.)
20 What had to be used to take the biscuit off the lorry? (A crane.)
21 How much did the company have to pay the student? (＄24,000.)
Asking questions: Ask me if …
T: Ask me if anyone can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
S: Can anyone avoid being influenced by advertisements?
T: Why can't …
S: Why can't anyone avoid being influenced by advertisements?
1 anyone can avoid being influenced by advertisements. (Why can't)
2 some of us pride ourselves on our good taste. (How many of us)
3 advertisers have made a close study of human nature. (Who)
4 advertisers offer free samples, free cars and free houses. (What)
5 a biscuit company asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them in. (What)
6 they offered to pay ＄10 a pound for the biggest biscuit. (How much)
7 one lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow. (How)
8 the biggest biscuit weighed 2,400 pounds. (How much)
9 it had been baked by a college student. (Who)
10 the manufacturers had to pay the student ＄24,000. (How much)
Tell us about the biggest biscuit baked by a listener
1 Radio programme----biscuit company----listeners----bake and send in biscuits
2 Offered---- ＄10 a pound----biggest biscuit----tremendous response
3 Biscuits all shapes and sizes----for example, one in wheelbarrow----500 pounds
4 Later----man----biscuit----whole boot
5 All biscuits weighed----largest 713 pounds----win the prize?
6 Lorry arrived factory----colossal biscuit----2,400 pounds
7 College student----1,000 pounds flour, 800 pounds sugar, 200 pounds fat, 400 pounds other ingredients
8 So heavy----crane----from lorry
9 Manufacturers----pay more----anticipated----bought biscuit----＄24,000
Topics for discussion
1 Tell us about an advertisement or an advertising campaign which has been very effective.
2 Do you know you have been influenced by an advertisement? If so, tell us about it.
3 ‘All advertising should be banned.’ What do you think?
Key to Comprehension
1 We are no longer free to choose the things we want because we are influenced by advertising.
2 Advertisers have made a close study of human weaknesses in order to classify them and persuade us to buy different things.
3 Advertisers can capture the attention of millions of people through radio and television.
Key to Vocabulary
A possible answer
no longer (1.2) not any more, not now
in their efforts to persuade us (1.4) in their attempts to influence us to do something
classified (1.6) put into categories
free (1.9) without any cost or payment
enable (1.10) make it possible for
capture (1.11) attract and hold
Key to Summary writing
Points
1 Company----customers bake biscuits----send them to factory----offered ＄10 a pound for biggest biscuit
2 Tremendous response----e. g. one biscuit in wheelbarrow----500 pounds
3 Another filled boot of car----another 713 pounds
4 But lorry brought one----2,400 pounds----baked by college student
5 Crane----biscuit from lorry
6 Manufacturers paid student ＄24,000
Summary
A biscuit company asked its customers to bake biscuits and send them to the factory. As a prize, they offered ＄10 a pound for the biggest biscuit they received. The response was tremendous, with one biscuit weighing 500 pounds and another weighing 713 pounds. They thought that was the winner until a lorry delivered one which weighed 2,400 pounds baked by a college student. A crane lifted it from the lorry and the manufacturers paid the student ＄24,000.
(80 words)
Key to Composition
A possible answer
The last question
The other evening I listened to a quiz show on the radio which was organised by a firm of soap manufacturers. A member of the audience was invited to answer ten questions to win money. He could take a money prize after each correct answer or go on to a more difficult question. Each new question was worth twice the last question.
The man was very nervous in front of the audience, but he got the first question right. Then he slowly answered all the questions correctly----spelling questions, history questions, general knowledge, mathematics, … The audience was getting very excited as the question master got to question number 9.
‘And your ninth question,’ he said, ‘is worth ￡1,024. Here it is. Which nineteenth-century sailing ship won a race from Shanghai to England?
‘It was the Thermopylae,’ the man said confidently. ‘She beat the Cutty Sark.’
‘Correct,’ said the questionmaster, and the audience went mad. The question master had to ask them to be quiet.
‘And here is your tenth and last question,’ the host said, ‘which is worth ￡2,048 exactly. “Advertisement”: how do you spell it?’
The man paused and then said: ‘I think this is a trick question. I can spell “advertisement”, but I can also spell “it”. The answer is “I-T”.’
‘You're absolutely right,’ the host said, ‘and you have won ￡2,048! Congratulations!’ (239 words)
Key to Letter writing
A possible answer (body of letter only)
How are you? I hope you are keeping well. I know I haven't written recently but I have some good news. I have managed to find a job near you and want to move to your neighbourhood.
Naturally I need to find somewhere to live. As you live in the area, would you mind helping me to find some accommodation? I'm looking for a flat or even a small house to rent for at least six months.
I look forward to hearing from you as soon as you can find something for me.
(92 words)
Key structures and Special difficulties
Key to KS and SD exercises
Possible answers
1 He enjoys playing tennis. /Imagine going on holiday to England! /It's no use complaining now: it's too late. /It's not worth waiting any longer: they're not coming. /Would you mind opening the window?
2 These apples have gone bad. /The leaves on these trees turn yellow or red in autumn. /When the teacher entered the classroom, the students grew quiet.
3 This chair is in the way: can you move it?/I met John on the way here this afternoon. /By the way, I wanted to ask you something.
4 I lent a book to my friend. /She gave some money to her children.
5 There was only one book on the table./ I bought a book from the bookshop.
6 See text.
Repetition drill
The past continuous and the simple past
Chorus, group or individual repetition
To elicit statements involving the use of the past continuous to indicate the duration of an action. The contrast with the simple past is implied.
T: Drill 26. Listen. Do not speak.
(1) T: Why didn't you write some lettters while I was out?
S: That's just what I was doing. I was writing letters.
(2) T: Why didn't she make some biscuits while I was out?
S: That's just what she was doing. She was making biscuits.
(3) T: Why didn't they tidy their rooms while I was out?
S: That's just what they were doing. They were tidying their rooms.
T: Now you answer in the same way. Ready?
1 As in (1) above.
2 As in (2) above.
3 As in (3) above.
4 T: Why didn't he have his dinner while I was out?
S: That's just what he was doing. He was having his dinner.
5 T: Why didn't she water the plants while I was out?
S: That's just what she was doing. She was watering the plants.
6 T: Why didn't you pick some flowers while I was out?
S: That's just what I was doing. I was picking flowers.
7 T: Why didn't they practise the piano while I was out?
S: That's just what they were doing. They were practising the piano.
8 T: Why didn't you prepare the evening meal while I was out?
S: That's just what I was doing. I was preparing the evening meal.
9 T: Why didn't she do the ironing while I was out?
S: That's just what she was doing. She was doing the ironing.
10 T: Why didn't they repair the machine while I was out?
S: That's just what they were doing. They were repairing the machine.
11 T: Why didn't she polish the floor while I was out?
S: That's just what she was doing. She was polishing the floor.
12 T: Why didn't you unpack the suitcases while I was out?
S: That's just what I was doing. I was unpacking the suitcases.
13 T: Why didn't he cut the grass while I was out?
S: That's just what he was doing. He was cutting the grass.
14 T: Why didn't they play a game while I was out?
S: That's just what they were doing. They were playing a game.
15 T: Why didn't he correct his homework while I was out?
S: That's just what he was doing. He was correcting his homework.
Key to Multiple choice questions
1 d 2 a 3 c 4 c 5 b 6 a
7 c 8 d 9 c 10 d 11 b 12 a

Lesson 26? Wanted: a large biscuit tin? 购大饼干筒
New words and expression 生词和短语
Influence v.影响 （= have effect on）
-- Literature and art have great influence on people’s ideology.
文学和艺术对人们的思想形态有很大的影响力。
-- ideology n.思想体系, 意识形态, 思想方式
-- Don’t influenced by bad examples. 不要受这些坏事的影响。
Under the influence of… 受…的影响
-- We are under the influence of advertisement.
Have influence over sb. 有左右某人的能力
-- A teacher has influence over his students.
Exercise influence on sb’s behalf
exercise vt.发挥, 实[履]行, 运用, 行使
on sb.'s behalf 为了某人的利益, 代表某人
behalf n.利益
-- What others think exercises great influence on most of us.
别人的想法对我们多数人产生很大的影响。
-- The boss exercises influence on employee’s behalf.
Influence / affect的区别：
influence 指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响”
affect 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”,着重“影响”的动作, 有时含有“对...产生不利影响”的意思。
The bad examples will affect a lot number of students.
Influential adj.有影响的, 有势力的

Pride v.骄傲 （proud adj.自豪的, 得意的, 骄傲的）
pride oneself on(upon)… 为…而感到骄傲
-- He prided himself on his driving skill.
take pride in… 以...为傲
be proud of… 以...为荣, 以...自豪
pride n.自豪, 自尊(心), 骄傲, 傲慢
in the pride of 处于最佳状态, 处于全盛时期
-- She is still young and in the pride of her beauty.
put one's pride in one's pocket 忍辱含垢, 抑制自尊心

Taste n.鉴赏力
-- She has excellent taste in dress.
a taste of 尝一口, 尝一点
-- Oh, let me have a taste of your coffee.
in good taste 得体, 大方
-- The beautiful girl is in good taste.
In bad taste 粗俗, 不礼貌
taste of 有什么的味道
-- The dish taste of fish. 这道菜有鱼腥味。
to one’s taste 合某人的口味, 称某人的心愿
-- He did what he wanted to do to his taste.
There is accounting for taste. 【谚】人各有所好。
He who has never tasted bitter knows not what is sweet. 不知黄连苦, 哪知蜂蜜甜。
-- Bitter adj.有苦味的, 苦的, 痛苦的
testable adj.(= tasteable)可尝的, 滋味好的
tasteful adj.有鉴赏力的
tasteless adj.没味道的, 无鉴赏力的
taste blindness n.味盲
taste marker 时尚的首创者

Exert v.施加
Exert sth on sb
-- His wife exerted a lot pressure on him to change his job.
-- He likes to exert his authority on us.
Exert oneself to do sth. 努力, 尽力, 出力
-- He never exert himself to study hard.
exert every effect 尽一切努力
exertion n.尽力, 努力, 发挥 n.行使, 运用

Subtle adj.微妙的, 难以捉摸的（敏感的, 敏锐的）
-- He is a subtle observer. 他是一个敏锐的观察家。
Subtly adv.敏锐[感]的, 有辨别力的, 微妙的
Subtlety = Subtleness n.微妙, 明敏, 聪明

Advertiser n.做广告的人
Advertise v.做广告, 登广告
Advertisement n.广告
Advertising n.广告业, 广告 adj.广告的

Classify v.分类
-- The books are classified according to the subject. 这些书已经按学科分类了。
-- subject n.题目, 主题, 科目, 学科
classification n.分类, 分级, 分类法
classified adj.分类的 adj.机密的
classifiable adj.可分类的
classifier n.分类者,分类器

Magic adj.有奇妙作用的
Sample n.样品
Devise v.设计, 想出

Capture v.吸引, 赢得
-- His wonderful performance captured my attention.
Capture vt.俘获, 捕获, 夺取
-- The police capture the two thieves.

Manufacturer n.生产厂家, 制造商
Wheelbarrow n.独轮手推车
Boot n.（汽车尾部的）行李箱
Ingredient n.配料
Crane n.起重机

Anticipate v.预期, 预料
Anticipate vt.占先, 抢先, 预料到, 预先做准备
-- Our attack failed because the enemy anticipated.
我们的进攻失败了, 因为敌人预先做了准备。
-- We anticipated the enemy would try to cross the river, so we decided to destroy the bridge.
我们预料到敌人会通过这条河, 所以我们决定把桥摧毁。
Anticipate（vt.期待, 预期）= expect（vt.期待, 预期）
-- We are expecting/anticipating a crowed of people at tonight’s meeting.
Anticipate强调以高兴或恐惧期待所想之事。
-- He is a man who is always anticipating trouble. 他是一个总是把结果想得很坏的人。
-- The students are anticipating a wonderful vacation.（n.假期, 休假）

wanted vt.征求, 招聘（报刊广告等用语）
biscuit n.饼干, 小点心 tin n.罐, 听
avoid vt.避免, 消除
Advertisement n.广告（有两种读音）
Advertise, Advertising, Advertiser（都只有一种读音）
Ourselves
Effort n.努力 Product n.产品, 制品
Close adj.谨慎的, 彻底的, 严格的
Weakness n.弱点, 缺点, 虚弱, 软弱
Enable vt.使能够（有两种读音）
Manufacture vt.制造, 加工
Manufacturer n.制造业者, 制造商
Manufactory n.制造厂, 工厂
Manufacturable adj.可制造的
Manufactured adj.人造的
Bake v.烘焙, 烤
bring in v.生产, 挣得, 介绍引进
barrow n.手推车
weigh vi.重(若干)
come along 一起来, 一道走
boot n.[美]长统靴, [英](汽车的)行李箱
send vt.(sent, sent, sending)送, 寄, 发送
were
weigh vt.称...重量, 称
close （s发z）
lorry n.卡车, 载重汽车（美作：truck）
various adj.不同的, 各种各样的

Text 课文
Who won the prize for the biggest biscuit?
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
= Advertisements always exerts influence on everybody.
No, avoid双重否定
-- No students can avoid being influenced by their teachers.

Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things
we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.
Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste,…
= Although we may pride ourselves on our good taste very much,…
引导让步状语从句的词有：though, although, as
用as引导让步状语从句时, 句子要采用倒装形式：（adj./adv./n./v.要用在as之前）
1> adj.+ as +主语+谓语
-- Rich as he is, he is not happy. 他虽然有钱, 但是他不幸福。
-- Tired as I was, I tried to help them.
2> adv.+ as +从句
-- Much as I like you, I will not marry you.
-- Much as I hate do it, I must stay home and study English.
3> v.+ as +主语+阻动词
-- Try as they may, they will never success.
-- Object as my parents may, I decide to do it.

采用不同的句子结构、不同的词汇表达同一个语义：
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
= Advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.

In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close
study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
Effort n.努力, 成就（需要耗费精神或体力的事情, 不可数名词）
-- It took a lot of effort to lift the box.
-- A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition.
Effort n.努力（可数名词）
Make every effort
-- We are making every effort to study English.
In one’s effort to do 为了干好某事
-- The company is selling off some of its buildings in their efforts to save money.
-- sell off 廉价卖清
-- In their effort to study English well, they spend a lot of time every day.

本句= Advertisers make every effort in order to sell their products.
Close adj.谨慎的, 彻底的, 严格的
Make a close(careful) study of… 对…做了仔细的研究

Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing.
Discover = find out
Get something for nothing = get something free
-- Free adj.adv.免费的

An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong.
Wrong adv.错误, 不对
-- You've spelt the word wrong. 你把这个单词拼错了。
-- get it wrong 弄错（意思）, 误会
-- go wrong弄错, 变坏了
-- The Big Ben rarely goes wrong.

These days, advertisers not only offer free samples, but free cars, free houses, and free trips
round the world as well.
these days n.现在, 目前
Not only…but…as well

They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.
Devise vt.设计
-- They have devised the best way to have the party.
Enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做某事
-- Hard work will enable us to pass the examination, otherwise, no way.

Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions
of people in this way.
Make it possible for sb to do sth
-- His few material possessions make it possible for him to move form place to place with ease.
-- ease n.容易, 不费力 n.舒适, 悠闲
-- The money he won made it possible for him to make a tour around the world.

Capture the attention of sb
= catch / receive / arrest / draw the attention of sb

During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to
bake biscuits and send them to their factory.
They offered to pay ＄10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener.
Baked…：过去分词短语做定语
The response to this competition was tremendous.
response = reaction 反应
Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory.
Before long（不久以后）= soon（adv.立刻, 不久）= shortly（adv.立刻, 不久）
biscuits of all shapes, biscuits of all sizes
shoes of all sizes
One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow. It weighed nearly 500 pounds.
A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car.
Occupy（vt.占有, 拥有, 占领, 占据）= take up 占据
All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed.
The largest was 713?pounds. It seemed certain that this would win the prize.
We (人称代词)后能加sure, 也能加certain（we are sure that…）
It后只能加certain（It is certain that…）
But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal
biscuit which weighed 2, 400 pounds.
Close = end
Colossal adj.巨大的, 庞大的
It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1, 000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds
20 of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients.
It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry.
Remove（vt.vi.拿走, 撤走, 除去）= unload（vt.卸货, 卸下）
The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, for they bought the
biscuit from the student for ＄24, 000.
than they had anticipated = than they had expected

Multiple choice questions 多项选择
1>D tempt vt.诱惑, 引诱, 吸引, 使感兴趣
disposal n.处理, 处置, 布置, 安排, 配置, 支配 promote vt.宣传，推销（商品）
2>A
3>C
4>C be proud of
5>B love doing / love to do
6>A 本句描述的是事实, 不该用if条件语句。
当修饰主语的定语从句过长而谓语过短, 一般将定语从句置于句位。
7>C in length（adv.长度）, in height in width（adv.宽度方向上）, in weight, in depth
8>D
9>C some or other (不确定的)某一个 = this or that one or other 或者这个, 或者那个
10>D attraction n.吸引, 吸引力
11>B occupy（vt.占有, 拥有, 占领, 占据）= take up 占据
12>A