1. What does “life” mean?
Material : Mental
2. Whose life? individual, family, society?
3. What does “easy” means to individual? Or society?
4. Five aspects of individual life?
5. Households: income, generation gap, child education, elderly people, health care?
6. Society: economic, environment, political conflicts
Point (thesis)
l not necessarily easy individual life,
l possible social life but no conclusive
four paragraph
evidence:
language tests IELTS, HSK, time,
两个主旨句子
¶2：It is plausible to say the decrease in the number of the languages in the world makes the life easier to a certain group of people or countries. For one thing, the smaller the number of languages, the easier the examinations concerning languages become. As a result, it is unnecessary for some students (engineering students) to spend overwhelmingly large amount of time in learning the foreign languages. English is a typical example. It costs on average at least two hours per day for an undergraduate student to learn it. Without English, their life seems to be easier. For another, the decline in the number of languages possibly contributes to economic development in that communications become, perhaps, easier than otherwise.
Opponents of the advantage-rhetoric have their evidence to say that the loss of languages is harmful. They build the argument on the benefits of the individuals who live on language, including language teachers, test examiners, researchers, and scholars. They even say that world renowned press or news organizations will be directly undermined if some languages have gone with the wind. Focusing on the arena of economic development, they say the loss of languages obviously harms sustainable development in which language plays the crucial roles. They deny the economic-improvement assertion with insightful analysis that economic conflicts are not rooted in the linguistic
Heterogeneity.
To sum up, the loss of some languages is a multidimensional social issue. It is unconvincing to draw a conclusive agreement on whether the loss of languages makes life easier.
监狱和犯罪话题
2005年1月22日
原因：
1. 家庭地位
2. 社会地位
3. 个人尊严
4. 对生的困惑
5. 对性的渴望和压制（道德生理）
6. 对学习的厌倦
7. 老师关系
8. 同学关系
9. 前途的渺茫
10. 就业压力
11. 家庭差异的自卑
12. 盲目的自尊
Among the variety of contributing factors, the profession (trade) of parents also exercises influences on the psychological activities of adolescents who are potential law breakers. According to widely accepted psychological theories, the mental balance of juveniles is more vulnerable to extrinsic factors. Statistics show that in some countries where the gaps between the have and the have-not are formidable, young people whose parents live on “inferior” jobs are more likely to break the law. For instance, my neighbor …
The chance for family members to be together becomes narrower and narrower because people have to work or study in different places. On the basis of my understanding, this is not good at all.
2007年2月3日
How can human beings effectively unlock various environmental problems such as water and soil erosion, greenhouse effect, ozone depletion? It is said that individuals play no roles in the campaign and that governments and large companies are essential. But this rhetoric is misleading.
Will computers and the prevalence of internet, wireless net included, supersede the traditional public libraries? Affirmative answers to this question seem to be plausible. In fact, however, it is neither possible nor beneficial.
2007年3月31日
Impacts on individuals
1. Physical health
2. Academic development
3. Career: income
4. Psychological balance (disturb) equilibrium
5. Moral, ethics, aesthetic
Although convincing scientific theories are yet unavailable to account for the relationship between the use of mobile phones and the vulnerability to disease, overwhelming evidence demonstrates the co-relations.
How do advertisements, regardless of the differences in forms or contents, shape and reflect the way people work, study, and live? A voice heard recently is that any advertisement does not help but harm the common good and that advertising must be abolished. Such a proposal, however, is not entirely valid (sound).
广告:
环境:
计算机
Education:
Advertising as a whole exerts (exercises) overwhelming impacts on the way people work and think. Nevertheless, not all the effects are positive. Therefore, it is crucial to censor and regulate this industry by laws.
Is it necessary for high school students to do some free community work? The answer to this question, in my opinion, depends on various factors.
Claimed
Held
Maintained
Argued
Asserted
Stated that
Proposed
Advanced
Put forward
Tourism booms are common in nine out of ten less developed countries such as China. But this prosperity will have negative effects on the society if not legally controlled.
Liberal arts college
Humanities, fine arts, and science
Wellesley girls
Two approaches in the field of education are welcomed and practiced: One is to provide general education to student, or liberal arts education; the other is to focus on a particular career related subjects. Both justify.
中间主体一个段落的写作理论
Paragraph =60-90words
=2-5sentences
1. 段落主旨句：分论点
l 判断句子（是非利弊，谁？哪些方面）
l 复现命题核心词、同义词，反义词
l 句型变化：强调，倒装，分词结构，句法准确的基础上可以进行一定的复杂：定语从句，状语从句
However advanced educational technology develops, lectures are the quintessence in teaching and learning which is far more than spreading knowledge.
International relationships yesterday were at least as important as they are today because there does not exist a clear cut between the past and the present. In the past, people were troubled by poverty and they wanted to develop their economy. Today, the situation has not changed much. Moreover, in the past people on average loved peace rather than the war. This is the same as today. These elements combined together determine that international relationships in the old days were not less vital than they are today.
Admittedly the status quo on the stage of international relationship is subject to changing and challenging in a variety of ways.
Specifically speaking, peoples or ethnic groups with different backgrounds and interest pay more attention to dialogue or negotiations than on wars to settle conflicts. For instance, in 1973 the US government and the Chinese government started to melt the political ice by peaceful visits on the strength of mutual benefits. Similar cases in point are the relationship between the western German and the East German. But the essence of the international relationship has experienced little change, if any.
2. 展开论证层
l 把概念具体化，找出下属的子集，或者更具体的元素
l 陈述原因：什么？多少？
l 分析具体的利弊（总分结构）
3. （论据层）
This is because …
The main reason is that…
The widely accepted reason lies in the fact that…
This is neither because…nor because…Rather, it is …that shed(s) light on this.
This more because …than because…
Two reasons are largely acknowledged by sociologists. The first is that…The other, more compelling, goes like this: …
Compared with our ancestors, we have today insufficient fresh water, both in quantity and in quality. Two reasons have been generally accepted in the field of science. The first is that to water such things as rice and vegetable in farming wastes overwhelmingly large volume of fresh water, causing soil and water erosion. The second lies in the fresh water consumption in the field of industry. Moreover, industrial processes contaminate limited fresh water sources.
The acceleration of science and technology has not only changed the way people eat but also revised the foods per se. While scientists, especially biologists and agronomists, applause the increase in crop yields, sociologists and environmentalists reveal the woe.
The arguments of scientists are plausible. That is to say it is reasonable, at least it seems to be, for them to claim that science and technology contributes to human foods. Their reason is that the increase in the range of foods makes people happy. Is not it happy, they say, if one is able to eat something which is otherwise unavailable? For instance, in winter many people can access to tomatoes, eggplants, and watermelon and they are happy. Another reason they hold is that science and technology are able to produce a certain kind of food rich in particular nutrients such as protein, improving physical health and reducing diseases.
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