雅思作文开头写作练习

庄子

60分钟

1.         图表作文 20 150-170

2.         Essay 40  250-280

课程安排

1-4 essay 讲义

l  Introduction

l  Paragraph (structure)

l  Passage (conclusion)

l  Integrity rate criterion

5-6 graph

剑桥雅思4,5,6

l  Line /table/bar/pie

l  Diagram/map

4月12号考题

家庭成员相聚的时间越来越太少,好处坏处原因解决方案?

1.         多少段?为什么?

2.         每段多少句子?

3.         平均句长多少单词?

4/5段

Organization 20-30words/sentence

Introduction: 30-50words

2-3 sentences

Main Body (2-3paragraphs)

180 words

60-90 words=2-5 sentences 

Conclusion 1-2 sentences  20-40words

How to effectively write an introduction to an essay?

这个命题研究的核心问题是什么?

命题的写作指令有多少层次?

第一种写法:

问题+观点

表达问题的方法:

l  改写命题

主动-被动

疑问-陈述

l  深入问题本质(不要求)

为了增加考官对考生语言能力的印象,从而提高总体得分,考生可以在开头段落加入背景陈述,前提是表达的语言非常imposing

The chance for family members to be together becomes narrower and narrower because people have to work or study in different places. On the basis of my understanding, this is not good at all.

如何表述某个观点是正确的,错误的?中立态度?

This argument is  valid/sound/convincing/telling/compelling.

Not only is the argument valid in reasoning but also it is constructive as far as the practical operation is concerned.

This concept is solidly  built on facts and figures drawn from the past and present.

This statement is substantiated by overwhelmingly accumulated evidence and experience.

This assertion is problematic / dubious.

This claim stands on a weak ground.

Such a suggestion (recommendation, proposal) will be destructive (detrimental) to the social well being if implemented literally.

This argument suffers a considerably large amount of drawbacks.

This, nevertheless, goes against facts and accepted values.

While their motivations are nothing wrong, their proposal exercises negative influences on the development of students. (juveniles, adolescents)

2008年2月23日

The availability of a diverse array of foods and fruits produced or processed elsewhere exercises considerably massive influences on the way people live. This essay thus attempts to discover the advantages and disadvantages.

利弊分析

www.un.org

2008年2月14

Nine out of ten

A majority of

Almost all cities are confronted with a diverse array of problems ranging from  population, pollution, education, *** discrimination, diseases, and transportation to conflicts, controversies, and migration. In fact, it is harmful for governments to encourage the urban dwellers to move to small cities or towns.

第二种写法:

先提出一个自己怀疑或者要否定的观点+ 驳斥的表述

It is commonly held that individuals or governments should only concentrate on today’s affairs. This argument, nevertheless, is misleading.

Maintained

Argued

Asserted

Claimed

Advanced

表达支持

Support

Substantiate

Champion

中间一个段落的写作

Paragraph 60-90单词

2－5句子

1.         分论点（主旨句）topic sentence(s) 

l  出现命题核心词，同义词，反义词

l  判断句：是非，利弊

l  20单词左右，句法最好能够复杂，前提是正确。

l  段落主旨句的质量是文章得分的关键  

2007年11月24号

Not only is it positive but also it is crucial for the developed countries to provide economic aids to those countries, states, or regions with sovereignty that is vulnerable to starvation, poverty, wars, diseases, or disasters. This is because the global economic development is virtually the integrity. If the economic gap between the advanced countries and the less developed countries goes too far, it is possible that the economic problems develop into conflicts or even wars. But wars are not what human beings as a whole want.

In the arena of environment protection, the aids from the advanced countries to the poor countries play a rather crucial role. This is mainly because the campaign launched by one country against environmental pollution exercises considerable impacts on human beings as a whole. Take water contamination as a case in point. Some rives run through the territory of several countries. In case that one poor country is unable to protect the river from pollution, then the neighborhoods all will suffer much.

Admittedly, focusing attention on education, culture, medicine, medical care, and the like, we believe that the aids, regardless of the forms, are generally constructive, although under certain circumstances, negative effects are inevitable.

By lectures, teachers not only spread knowledge but also show students how to acquire the necessary knowledge.

Military aids to the poor countries for the sake of peace and human dignity is also positive and thus should be encouraged.

Developing countries expend tourism because this industry is able to generate significant profits within a relatively short period of time at a low cost.

2.         展开论证的过程develop

l  集合－子集－元素：具体化的过程，常用总分结构，

l  分析原因

l  利弊分析

3.         论据：事例，事实，数据，亲生经历，

Flora

Fauna

Biodiversity: the number of species in a certain ecosystem.

The population of this bird decreases within the past decades.

2008年12月13日

The extinction of some species in the biota must be directly attributed to the loss or deterioration of the habitats.

The decline in biodiversity or the population of a certain species is also rooted in what is believed to be the evolution, a natural process which is yet unknown.

25 millions years ago, these animals lived in what is not Beijing.

Let me tell you what is important in learning a foreign language.

 The proposal that governments encourage urban dwellers to move to small cities or towns is harmful. 

Concept

Assertion

Claim

Rhetoric

Theory

Statement

Phenomenon

开头：

(命题)问题＋观点/写作目的

写法：

对命题改写，不能照抄  2006 年题目

Should people at large pay tax to governments? Although it is generally held that each individual social member must pay, my experience and knowledge tell me that it is harmful for people to pay tax whatever forms the payment takes.

What roles does tax imposed by governments play in the social and economic development of individuals and countries? History shows that the roles are crucial, therefore to pay the state the tax is the key for development.

How does the increase in the proportion of the elderly people ( 65 years old and over) influence the social and economic fabric? This essay attempts to discover the pros and cons from a diverse array of perspectives.

It is true that airlines consume fossil fuels and that they result in formidable environmental problems ranging from urban traffic exhaust gases to rural deforestation. But these facts are insufficient to support the argument that airplanes must be restricted.

Sports cost, whether athletes perform as independent players or in a team representing a nation or a political organization. The question is who should pay for them. One answer is that governments should fund. However, things have never been so simple as assumed.

背景＋问题＋批判观点＋否定

How can the housing problems in urban areas be effectively cracked? One theory claims that the sole approach is government involvement. This theory, however, stands on a weak ground.

A misleading argument holds that the best way to crack the hard nut of environmental problems is to increase the prices of fossil fuels. In fact the environmental problems are so sophisticated and multidimensional that the assumed “best way” is but an illusion.

It is better for students to live with their parents at home than to live independently on the campus.

Students may either live independently on campus or, if possible, live at home with parents. Both ways have advantages and disadvantages, which fall into the study of this essay.

Since languages are deeply rooted in cultures and lifestyles, it is clearly vital for language learners to have a knowledge of the culture or lifestyle behind or beneath the language(s). Otherwise, no one is able to well master the language. Evidence supporting this is rich in both the past and the present.